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95.4

102.5

89.3

91.8

92.8

84.2

83.7

101.5

161.0

1978

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1979

96.4

94.8

88.6

90.7

94.3

88.2

83.1

100.6

163.0

1980

95.5

92.1

88.3

91.5

89.2

85.8

81.8

98.6

179.2

1981

93.3

92.9

86.9

83.0

89.2

83.0

80.1

101.5

193.6

1982

91.5

92.4

81.6

89.2

85.4

76.6

82.6

101.2

202.3

1983

96.1

94.2

86.2

89.1

84.4

78.5

82.4

99.9

193.8

1984

96.0

95.9

86.5

91.5

83.2

77.8

80.3

102.1

189.6

1985

96.3

96.7

86.3

90.6

84.5

76.8

77.6

100.8

193.3

1986

97.0

111.8

95.1

96.0

77.6

77.7

85.2

108.8

158.5

1987

88.1

89.6

77.0

79.0

76.0

67.0

239.3

87.1

147.0

1988

106.9

107.0

89.7

88.8

90.6

80.2

76.8

98.8

164.8

1989

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1990

110.5

104.0

87.9

89.9

91.4

80.3

77.8

99.0

160.0

1991

110.2

104.0

87.8

90.2

91.8

81.4

80.1

97.9

158.5

1992

111.1

116.6

86.0

89.8

87.6

82.7

83.2

96.5

157.7

1993

111.9

110.1

89.0

85.6

89.6

83.5

85.7

96.9

157.0

1994

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1995

108.5

111.5

91.6

90.9

91.9

84.7

84.1

94.9

150.1

1996

107.9

108.4

91.5

90.4

93.8

86.8

83.5

96.2

147.1

1997

106.0

101.3

92.1

93.5

95.0

88.5

84.1

96.1

145.2

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, StatisticalAbstract of the United States.

Examination of the data over time shows thatthere has been a small progression towards lower HFIs of state expenditures.This tendency can be caused by several factors. One possible factor, as wenoted above, is that federal grant-in-aid programs to state and localgovernments have equalization-type components within them. The increase in theimportance of intergovernmental transfers has thus served to partially reduceHFIs. Another possible factor leading to the reduction in HFIs is that therehas been an increase in coordination among states and between the states andthe federal government with regard to the uniformity of program requirements.Other possible factors may be a convergence of preferences among states forgovernment expenditure programs.

Table B6: State Governments Per CapitaRevenues, Before Intergovernmental Transfers, as a Percentage of the UnitedStates Average

Year

New England

Mid Atlantic

E. No.
Central

W. No.
Central

So. Atlantic

E. So.
Central

W. So.
Central

Mountain

Pacific

1970

99.7

112.1

96.1

91.7

93.2

84.3

85.5

107.8

129.7

1971

101.5

112.4

97.4

92.5

95.5

85.0

88.3

110.3

117.2

1972

106.7

114.0

96.6

93.2

95.3

84.8

87.3

106.0

116.1

1973

108.6

118.2

97.2

95.5

96.6

85.6

84.1

101.5

112.6

1974

103.8

115.9

97.9

101.0

95.4

85.5

86.9

102.4

111.3

1975

97.6

111.7

96.4

97.8

93.9

86.2

87.9

108.1

120.4

1976

105.0

113.0

93.6

96.4

90.3

84.0

90.3

106.0

121.4

1977

103.9

115.4

95.4

95.2

89.9

84.7

87.2

103.4

124.8

1978

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

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